Representation creates a whole new picture that can sum up a subject. The photographer gets to choose what the picture can represent, it could be a simple, innocent picture but can be portrayed as something completely different.
Time
We all have some sense of timing. Does that mean we always get it right in photography? I think not. Timing is a skill we can learn though. In doing so we can improve our photography. As long as we know where it fits into the scheme of things.
Frame
Framing especially in the photographic arts, is primarily concerned with the position and perspective of the viewer. The position of the observer has tremendous impact on their perception of the main subject, both in terms of aesthetics and in their interpretation of its meaning.
Focus
Adjustment of the distance setting on a lens to define the subject sharply. Generally, the act of adjusting a lens to produce a sharp image. In a camera, this is effected by moving the lens bodily towards or away from the film or by moving the front part of the lens towards or away from the rear part, thus altering its focal length.
Proximity
Proximity is the how close an object is to the lens and the camera. It's all about being there when the action is being done at that moment to get the right picture, and example of photographers like this are war photographers.